From Far-Right Symbol to Anti-ICE Icon: This Surprising Story of the Frog
This protest movement won't be broadcast, though it may feature webbed feet and protruding eyes.
Additionally, it could include the horn of a unicorn or the plumage of a chicken.
While rallies against the government carry on in US cities, protesters have embraced the vibe of a community costume parade. They have taught dance instruction, given away treats, and ridden unicycles, while police look on.
Mixing comedy and politics – an approach researchers refer to as "tactical frivolity" – has historical precedent. Yet it has transformed into a hallmark of protests in the United States in the current era, adopted by all sides of the political spectrum.
One particular emblem has emerged as notably significant – the frog. It started after recordings of a confrontation between an individual in a frog suit and immigration enforcement agents in Portland, Oregon, became an internet sensation. From there, it proliferated to rallies across the country.
"There is much at play with that little inflatable frog," states a professor, who teaches at UC Davis and a Guggenheim Fellow who focuses on creative activism.
The Path From a Cartoon Frog to Portland
It is difficult to examine protests and frogs without talking about Pepe, an illustrated figure adopted by far-right groups throughout a previous presidential campaign.
When the character first took off online, its purpose was to express certain emotions. Later, it was deployed to express backing for a candidate, including one notable meme endorsed by the candidate personally, showing Pepe with recognizable attire and hairstyle.
Images also circulated in digital spaces in darker contexts, portrayed as a hate group member. Participants traded "rare Pepes" and set up cryptocurrency using its likeness. His catchphrase, "that feels good", was used a coded signal.
However its beginnings were not as a political symbol.
The artist behind it, the illustrator, has expressed about his disapproval for its appropriation. Pepe was supposed to be simply an apolitical figure in this artist's universe.
Pepe debuted in an online comic in 2005 – apolitical and famous for a particular bathroom habit. In a documentary, which chronicles the creator's attempt to take back of his creation, he stated his drawing was inspired by his life with companions.
When he began, the artist experimented with uploading his work to early internet platforms, where people online began to borrow, remix and reinvent his character. As its popularity grew into fringe areas of the internet, the creator sought to reject the frog, including ending its life in a comic strip.
However, its legacy continued.
"This demonstrates that creators cannot own symbols," says the professor. "They transform and be repurposed."
For a long time, the notoriety of this meme meant that amphibian imagery became a symbol for the right. A transformation occurred recently, when a viral moment between a protestor dressed in a blow-up amphibian suit and a federal agent in Portland spread rapidly online.
This incident followed a directive to deploy the National Guard to Portland, which was described as "a warzone". Protesters began to congregate on a single block, just outside of a federal building.
Tensions were high and an agent sprayed a chemical agent at a protester, aiming directly into the opening of the inflatable suit.
The individual, Seth Todd, reacted humorously, stating it tasted like "something milder". However, the video spread everywhere.
The costume was somewhat typical for the city, renowned for its eccentric vibe and left-wing protests that delight in the ridiculous – outdoor exercise, retro fitness classes, and nude cycling groups. Its creed is "Keep Portland Weird."
This symbol even played a role in the ensuing legal battle between the federal government and Portland, which argued the use of troops was unlawful.
While a ruling was issued that month that the president had the right to send personnel, a dissenting judge wrote, referencing in her ruling the protesters' "known tendency for wearing chicken suits while voicing their disagreement."
"It is easy to see this decision, which accepts the government's characterization as a war zone, as simply ridiculous," Judge Susan Graber opined. "However, this ruling goes beyond absurdity."
The action was halted by courts subsequently, and troops have reportedly departed the area.
Yet already, the frog was now a potent anti-administration symbol for the left.
The inflatable suit was seen nationwide at anti-authoritarian protests recently. Amphibian costumes were present – and unicorns and axolotls and dinosaurs – in major US cities. They appeared in rural communities and big international cities like Tokyo and London.
This item was sold out on major websites, and saw its cost increase.
Mastering the Optics
What brings both frogs together – lies in the interplay between the silly, innocent image and underlying political significance. This concept is "tactical frivolity."
The tactic rests on what the professor terms a "disarming display" – often silly, it's a "disarming and charming" act that calls attention to a message without needing obviously explaining them. It's the unusual prop you wear, or the meme circulated.
Mr Bogad is both an expert on this topic and someone who uses these tactics. He's written a text on the subject, and led seminars around the world.
"You could go back to the Middle Ages – when people are dominated, absurd humor is used to express dissent indirectly and still have a layer of protection."
The purpose of such tactics is three-fold, Mr Bogad explains.
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